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It is well known that increasing the blank-holder force can
help to eliminate wrinkling in the stamping process. In order
to study the effectiveness of increased blank-holder force, the
stamping of a tapered square cup with die gap of 50 mm,
which is associated with severe wrinkling as stated above, was
simulated with different values of blank-holder force. The
blank-holder force was increased from 100 kN to 600 kN,
which yielded a blank-holder pressure of 0.33 MPa and 1.98
MPa, respectively. The remaining simulation conditions are
maintained the same as those specified in the previous section.
An intermediate blank-holder force of 300 kN was also used
in the simulation.
The simulation results show that an increase in the blankholder
force does not help to eliminate the wrinkling that
occurs at the draw wall. The values along the cross-section
M–N, as marked in Fig. 4, are compared with one another for
the stamping processes with blank-holder force of 100 kN and
600 kN. The simulation results indicate that the values along
the cross-section M–N are almost identical in both cases. In
order to examine the difference of the wrinkle shape for the
two different blank-holder forces, five cross-sections of the
draw wall at different heights from the bottom to the line M–
N, as marked in Fig. 4, are plotted in Fig. 6 for both cases.
It is noted from Fig. 6 that the waviness of the cross-sections
for both cases is similar. This indicates that the blank-holder
force does not affect the occurrence of wrinkling in the stamping
of a tapered square cup, because the formation of wrinkles
is mainly due to the large unsupported area at the draw wall
where large compressive transverse stresses exist. The blankholder
force has no influence on the instability mode of the
material between the punch head and the die cavity shoulder.
Stepped Rectangular Cup
In the stamping of a stepped rectangular cup, wrinkling occurs
at the draw wall even though the die gaps are not so significant.
Figure 1(b) shows a sketch of a punch shape used for stamping
a stepped rectangular cup in which the draw wall C is followed
by a step D–E. An actual production part that has this type
of geometry was examined in the present study. The material
used for this production part was 0.7 mm thick, and the stress–
strain relation obtained from tensile tests is shown in Fig. 3.
The procedure in the press shop for the production of this
stamping part consists of deep drawing followed by trimming.
In the deep drawing process, no draw bead is employed on
the die surface to facilitate the metal flow. However, owing
to the small punch corner radius and complex geometry, a
split occurred at the top edge of the punch and wrinkles were
found to occur at the draw wall of the actual production part,
as shown in Fig. 7. It is seen from Fig. 7 that wrinkles are
distributed on the draw wall, but are more severe at the corner
edges of the step, as marked by A–D and B–E in Fig. 1(b).
The metal is torn apart along the whole top edge of the punch,
as shown in Fig. 7, to form a split.
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小弟在这谢谢各位了!! |
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