求助帮我翻译下冲压模具英语

lisiming

求人不如求自己，建议装一个金山快译或是金山词霸，这些虽不是什么专业 软件 ，但也能翻译一下大概。论坛中，我以前有上传过一份有关模具方面的专业术语的文件，自己在论坛中找一下。

sxczwjh

the tooling geometry, including the punch, die and blankholder,
were designed using the CAD program PRO/
ENGINEER.零件的形状，包括冲子，刀口和镶件都是使用CAD，PRO/ENGINEER设计的

wuchao1382

模具的几何形状，包括公，模，定位圈都是用proE设计的， proE采用三点和四点基本网格元素构成这些零件，在有限元模拟中，这些模具零件被认定是刚性，相应地，网络用来仅仅确定模具的几何形状，而不用于受力分析。同样，proE用四点基本网格元素来构建冲压材料，图二用网格分析显示了一个四方锥体拉深的过程。由于四方锥体四面对称性，我们仅用一面来分析这个过程。模拟过程中，材料放在定位圈上，上模下移一起夹住材料，拉深公上行拉深出 与上模型腔一致的四锥体。（备注，这可能是一个四方锥的向上拉深工序)
为有得到精确的有限元分析，输入材料的应力应变关系。在当前的研究中，模拟分析中常采用拉深性能好的材料。获取材料的应力：通过在材料上取三片，分别与料纹成0度，45度，90度，得到各自的应力，则材料的应力a=(a0+2a45+a90)/4, 图表三中是测量的应变，这种模拟分析不仅用于四方锥拉深中也用于矩形阶梯拉深中。
目前的模拟分析都是采用pam_stamp这个程序在SGI  Indigo 2平台上远行的，输入的数据中，冲压速度定为10m/秒，摩擦系数假定为 0。1
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可能有些翻译的不对，请指正，贻笑了

wuchao1382

获取材料的应力：通过在材料上取三片，分别与料纹成0度，45度，90度，得到各自的应力==============
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这里我理解错了纠正 ：应是某点的的三个方向 0度，45度，90度，得到这个点的应力。因为这是我们分析的的那个面由很多网格构成，每个网点的应力与应变变化的微观反映这个拉深的过程。
这是我的理解，不知对不对，不好意思，模具英语太专业了

hai5112

Since wrinkles are formed because of excessive metal flow
in certain regions, where the sheet is subjected to large compressive
stresses, a straightforward method of eliminating the
wrinkles is to add drawbars in the wrinkled area to absorb the
redundant material. The drawbars should be added parallel to
the direction of the wrinkles so that the redundant metal can
be absorbed effectively. Based on this concept, two drawbars
are added to the adjacent walls, as shown in Fig. 9, to absorb
the excessive material. The simulation results show that the
wrinkles at the corner of the step are absorbed by the drawbars
as expected, however some wrinkles still appear at the remaining
wall. This indicates the need to put more drawbars at the
draw wall to absorb all the excess material. This is, however,
not permissible from considerations of the part design.
One of the advantages of using finite-element analysis for
the stamping process is that the deformed shape of the sheet
blank can be monitored throughout the stamping process, which
is not possible in the actual production process. A close look
at the metal flow during the stamping process reveals that the
sheet blank is first drawn into the die cavity by the punch
head and the wrinkles are not formed until the sheet blank
touches the step edge D–E marked in Fig. 1(b). The wrinkled
shape is shown in Fig. 10. This provides valuable information
for a possible modification of die design.
An initial surmise for the cause of the occurrence of wrinkling
is the uneven stretch of the sheet metal between the punch
corner radius A and the step corner radius D, as indicated in
Fig. 1(b). Therefore a modification of die design was carried
out in which the step corner was cut off, as shown in Fig.
11, so that the stretch condition is changed favourably, which
allows more stretch to be applied by increasing the step edges.
However, wrinkles were still found at the draw wall of the
cup. This result implies that wrinkles are introduced because
of the uneven stretch between the whole punch head edge and
the whole step edge, not merely between the punch corner and
the step corner. In order to verify this idea, two modifications
of the die design were suggested: one is to cut the whole step
off, and the other is to add one more drawing operation, that
is, to draw the desired shape using two drawing operations.
The simulated shape for the former method is shown in Fig.
12. Since the lower step is cut off, the drawing process is
quite similar to that of a rectangular cup drawing, as shown in
Fig. 12. It is seen in Fig. 12 that the wrinkles were eliminated.

小弟英语不行，特来求助各位大大帮小弟一下,帮小弟翻译一点！！！
在这你谢谢各位大大了！！

wuchao1382

Because of the missing of thanking for fomer translation, so do youself this time